Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a musculoskeletal disorder that affects the median nerve at the level of the wrist into the fingers, primarily the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and half of the ring finger. Approximately 1-5% of adults worldwide develop CTS, with most cases occurring in middle-aged adults over the age of 30. Common causes of CTS include hand and wrist positioning, repetitive hand movements, and specific injuries. White-collar workers and students who spend most of their day typing on computers may develop this condition due to the position of their hands when typing.
When an individual develops CTS, symptoms can vary from mild tingling to debilitating wrist pain. Modern and common treatments for CTS include anti-inflammatory medications, bracing, extensive physical therapy sessions, corticosteroid injections, and advanced wrist surgery. The risk of complications following surgery is low, but the effectiveness can be difficult to predict and there may be cases of surgical failure. Due to the hefty costs of treating carpal tunnel syndrome, along with the increased risk of CTS across various sectors, it is important that both employees and students educate themselves about measures they can use to prevent CTS.
Wrist surgery is usually only considered to treat CTS if symptoms persist after trying other methods of treatment.
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A study conducted by the Journal of Applied Ergonomics sought to examine the effectiveness of various strategies in preventing the development of CTS. These strategies included but were not limited to, physical therapy, ergonomics, stretching and exercise, and educational programs. Ergonomics is a branch of study that focuses on modifying workplace environments and body positions to best enhance efficiency and minimize health consequences. It is frequently employed in research endeavors aimed at preventing or mitigating the consequences of CTS, particularly in addressing the adverse effects of poor posture resulting from workspace design.
The key finding of the study revealed that the implementation of a single strategy failed to achieve the desired effects on the subjects. On the other hand, when exercise was paired with educational awareness and ergonomic interventions, positive outcomes were observed. Similarly, workers and students are advised to integrate multiple strategies for CTS prevention to achieve optimal results and preserve their health. Some simple actions that can be taken on a regular basis include stretching and exercising the wrist while working, fixing one’s posture while typing or writing to put less stress on the body, and staying aware of new and improved CTS prevention methods.
While there are answers to treating carpal tunnel syndrome nonoperatively and surgically, more emphasis should be put on the prevention and recognition of symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome since treatment can be both costly and time-consuming.
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